3/23/2023 0 Comments Common rafter![]() To work out the second length of the rafter so that it runs past the brickwork and can have a fascia board fixed to it, we need to work out the overhang measurement. Adding The Overhang Onto The End Of The Rafters To Fix The Fascia Boards To A rafter or speed square will have marks for both of these angles. The roof on this shed is a 4 in 12 slope which makes it a 18 and one half degree angle on the board ends. Step 1: MARK AND CUT THE FIRST RAFTER ENDS The ridge end of the rafter, and often the eve end, will need to be cut to the angle of the roof slope. The paper aims to analyze the failure mechanisms of the towers and of the roof structures of the historic churches, from this part of Romania, affected by the high wind velocities of this particular storm.How to calculate the length of roof rafters (captioned) ![]() The high wind velocities mainly led to the failure of the superior part of the church towers, i.e.: belfry, spire, main roof structure. Among the most affected buildings by the storm were the 19th century village churches. In this area, most of the city and of the nearby villages, buildings date back from the 18th century. On the 17th of September 2017, a severe wind, with peak wind velocities exceeding 122 km/h (33.8 m/s) affected the heritage structures of the historic city, Timisoara. The recent extreme events, which took place in the western part of Romania, reinforced the importance of the study of the effect of the climate change on the state of conservation of the built heritage. The increasing negative effect of the climate change on the state of conservation of valuable heritage buildings has already been recognized by heritage protection organizations, such as: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), The International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), as well as by the climate change related organizations, such as: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It is generally acknowledged that heritage buildings were built by taking their environment into consideration, and therefore they have a high resilience towards various climatic factors. ![]() In this way, this factor can be introduced in new complex assessment methodologies and ultimately influence the value and vulnerability of historic roof structures. In the same time, since historic timber roof structures improve the structural behavior of heritage buildings during seismic events, the study proposes to evaluate the influence of the assessed roof structure types on the seismic behavior and out-of-plane failure mechanism of heritage buildings, by means of finite element structural models. Therefore, based on different historic roof structures, built between the 19th and 20th century, from Timisoara, the study is aiming to present a more complex way of assessing historic timber roof structures by taking their value from all points of view into consideration. However, recent studies concerning the assessment of historic timber structures, only evaluate them from a single point of view, either structural (type, load-bearing capacity, state of conservation) or architectural (geometric, aesthetic) without assessing them as o complete system. Today, due to that deterioration of the timber elements, increasing environmental risks and changing demands of the inhabitants, timber roof structures have to be fully assessed in order to develop proper conservation and intervention strategies. Still, besides the technical knowledge of the craftsman, the shape and choice of roof structure type was significantly influenced by the context of the building, the neighboring buildings and ultimately to the surrounding area. Historic timber roof structures are complex systems built according to the knowledge of carpenters.
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